Arrêt Centros (1999) established the core idea that a company formed in one Member State can be registered in another. This is an expression of which EU freedom?

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Centros centers on the right of a business to set itself up across borders. The court held that a company formed in one Member State can be registered and operate in another without being forced to form domestically under that host state’s rules. That outcome is a direct application of freedom of establishment, which allows businesses to set up and run their activities in any EU country on the same terms as local firms. It’s not about moving goods, workers, or capital itself; it’s about the right to establish a company across borders and be recognized there. So the expression at issue is freedom of establishment.